The book addresses the issue of climate change and its far-reaching impacts on countries and societies, as well as the pathways of environmental innovation and responses to the climate challenge. It is based on the premise that climate change has become a significant factor in international interactions. Accordingly, the book explores the wide-ranging consequences of climate change and examines the roles of governments, international organizations—particularly the United Nations—private companies, civil society, and individuals in combating climate change and mitigating its negative effects. It also delves into the future of climate change, the pathways and costs of addressing it, and the alternative energy sources that are gaining global attention, with a special focus on green hydrogen and green ammonia, given their vast potential and opportunities. Finally, the book discusses the prospects for investment in these energy sources worldwide, aiming to create a green economy capable of aligning with the global push to reduce carbon emissions and stimulate green investments across the world. This, in turn, benefits the entire planet and helps alleviate the consequences of climate change.